Siv tautej khob yas, ib qho tseem ceeb niaj hnub xav tau hauv lub neej niaj hnub no, muaj lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov khoom zoo, kev tswj hwm tus nqi, thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Hauv kev lag luam ntawm ntau lub khob yas tsim, kev txhaj tshuaj molding thiab thermoforming yog ob txoj hauv kev thev naus laus zis, sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom, cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Kab lus no muab kev sib piv ntawm ob txheej txheem thoob plaws plaub qhov loj me, muab kev txiav txim siab- ua cov ntaub ntawv rau cov tuam txhab xaiv lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
I. Kev sib piv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm sib txawv
1.1 Qhov txawv txav hauv cov txheej txheem ntws
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding thiab thermoforming muaj qhov sib txawv, ncaj qha txiav txim siab lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios.
Txhaj tshuaj molding:Qhov no yog "ib -kauj ruam molding" thev naus laus zis. Cov txheej txheem suav nrog: ntxiv cov yas granules rau lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab, yaj lawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm 180-240 degree; txhaj cov khoom molten mus rau hauv lub kaw pwm kab noj hniav uas siv cov ntsia hlau ntawm lub siab ntawm 80-140 MPa (180 MPa rau nyias-walled seem); ceev txias thiab solidification siv dej txias los yog cua; thiab tom qab ua tiav xws li trimming thiab polishing tom qab demolding. Lub voj voog txhaj tshuaj molding yog 15-30 vib nas this, nrog rau lub sijhawm txias rau kwv yees li 60%. Cov cuab yeej teeb tsa yog qhov tseeb, xav tau lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding, pwm system, thiab cov cuab yeej pabcuam.
Thermoforming:Qhov no yog "ob-kauj ruam molding" thev naus laus zis. Cov txheej txheem suav nrog: ua ntej, ua cov ntawv yas los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw siv cov khoom siv extrusion; cua sov cov nplooj ntawv mus rau lub xeev softened (tsis melted); siv lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus los yog lub siab ua kom cov ntaub ntawv softened ua raws li pwm nto; thiab tom qab ntawd txiav cov khoom tiav tom qab txias thiab shaping. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau muaj tsib kauj ruam: stamping, pub, cua sov, sib sau, thiab txias. Cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim, suav nrog lub tshuab thermoforming thiab lub tshuab cua sov, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej- cov ntawv ua, ntxiv ib kauj ruam ntxiv.
1.2 Kev sib piv ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab kev muaj peev xwm
Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ob txheej txheem yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, pwm, thiab cov khoom specifications. Ob leeg tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam thaum lub sijhawm loj - teev ntau lawm.
Txhaj tshuaj molding: Siab- nrawm nyias- phab ntsa tshuab tsav kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Noj 700ml mis nyuj tshuaj yej khob ua piv txwv, Demag Systec 450/820-2300 SP txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab nrog yim- kab noj hniav pwm muaj lub voj voog molding tsuas yog 5.3 vib nas this thiab txhaj tshuaj ceev ntawm 420 mm / s, uas ua rau muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj 100 units txhua hnub; Wanrong Ntim siv lub "{11}}" stacked pwm nyob rau hauv - pwm labeling system, ua 16 khob nyob rau hauv 3.8 vib nas this, nrog ib hnub tso zis ntau tshaj 3 lab units; ib tug pa yim-kab kab noj hniav txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab muaj ib tug ntau lawm voj voog ntawm 5.5-5.8 vib nas this, ua rau kom zoo dua thiab precision rau ib tug neeg cov khoom.
Cov txheej txheem Thermoforming: Cov tshuab thermoforming niaj hnub tuaj yeem ua tiav lub peev xwm ntawm 60 pwm ib feeb, nrog 50-kab kab noj hniav tshuab tsim kwv yees li 20 pwm ib feeb, ua rau 60,000 khob ib teev. Noj 95mm txoj kab uas hla PP lub khob pov tseg ua piv txwv, lub tshuab 28-kab noj hniav qhib 14 pwm ib feeb, ua rau 24-teev tsim muaj peev xwm ntawm 560,000 units; American BROWN molding tshuab tuaj yeem tsim tau txog li 3 lab lub khob thermoformed hauv ib hnub, nrog rau molding qhov tob ntawm 228mm, thiab feem ntau cov zis ntau dua ib pwm (xws li, 50 kab noj hniav).
1.3 Kev nqis peev ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab thev naus laus zis
Cov cuab yeej siv cuab yeej cuab tam yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab hauv lub tuam txhab cov txheej txheem xaiv, thiab ob txoj kev sib txawv ntawm cov nqi thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis.
Cov cuab yeej siv peev: Cov cuab yeej txhaj tshuaj molding yog kim, nrog cov tshuab me me raug nqi 10,000-100,000 RMB, nruab nrab- loj 90-tuj tshuab raug nqi 30,000-32,000 USD (kwv yees li 210,000-230,000 RMB), cov nqi loj 210,000-230,00s 35,000-40,000 USD (kwv yees li 250,000-290,000 RMB), thiab tag nrho cov qauv hluav taws xob ncav cuag 43,500 USD (kwv yees li 310,000 RMB). Lub tshuab Taiwanese Liansu 650-tuj nrog lub caj npab robotic muaj tag nrho cov peev ntawm kwv yees li 800,000 RMB; Cov khoom siv thermoforming tsis tshua muaj nqi, nrog kev lag luam tsis siv neeg PS / PET khob lub hau thermoforming tshuab raug nqi 28,000-30,000 USD (kwv yees li 200,000-220,000 RMB), tag nrho tsis siv neeg PET khob tsim cov cav tov raug nqi 191,000 USD (kwv yees li, 0000000 RMB domestic) thiab cov khoom siv thermoforming. cov tshuab raug nqi tsuas yog 150,000 RMB.
Kev Tsim Kho Kev Tsim Kho: Los ntawm 2026, kev txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab yuav txhim kho rau kev txawj ntse thiab kev raug. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias yuav txhim kho los ntawm ± 5℃mus rau ± 2 degree, kev tswj qhov siab ntawm ± 5% mus rau ± 2%, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj ceev kom raug rau ± 1%. Lub voj voog molding yuav luv luv ntawm 20-30 vib nas this mus rau 15{18}}25 vib nas this, cov khoom seem qhov tseeb yuav txhim kho los ntawm ± 0.1mm mus rau ± 0.05mm, thiab qhov tsis xws luag yuav txo los ntawm 3-5% mus rau 1-2%. Ua ke nrog Kev Lag Luam Hauv Is Taws Nem thiab MES / ERP systems, tus nqi xa tuaj raws sij hawm yuav nce 12 feem pua cov ntsiab lus. Thermoforming thev naus laus zis yuav tsom mus rau automation thiab cov khoom siv tshiab, nrog automation txo cov nqi zog thiab ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag. PS substrate thickness tswj yuav yog 0.3-3.0mm, flocking fiber ntev 0.3-1.2mm, thiab ceev adjustable los ntawm 50-500 fibers / cm², txhim kho cov khoom sib xws.
II. Kev sib piv thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub cev muaj zog
2.1 Khob Lub Zog thiab Durability
Khob lub zog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv kev paub dhau los, thiab ob txheej txheem qhia qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom lag luam.
Txhaj tshuaj molded khob: siab zog thiab kav ntev. Siab -Kev txhaj tshuaj molding ua rau cov khoom ruaj khov thiab cov phab ntsa tuab. PP txhaj tshuaj molded khob muaj siab hardness thiab kub tsis kam, thiab tsis txhob kub rau qhov kov lossis deform thaum tuav cov dej kub. Hauv kev ntsuam xyuas, 90mm txoj kab uas hla thickened frosted txhaj molded khob pom zoo heev compressive zog, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb los yog kev puas tsuaj tom qab compression, thiab zoo toughness thiab poob tsis kam, tshuav zoo tom qab kev poob poob. Cov khoom siv PP muaj qhov ntom ntom ntawm 0.89-0.91 g / cm³, thiab nws lub zog, nruj, thiab kub tsis kam yog zoo dua li cov polyethylene tsawg ntom. Nws tuaj yeem siv nyob ib puag ncig 100 degree, nrog lub zog tensile tshaj 30 MPa, thiab tuaj yeem khoov 10⁶ zaug ntawm chav tsev kub yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Thermoformed khob: Lub zog qis dua. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj qhov ua tau zoo thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, lawv lub zog tag nrho yog qis dua rau cov khob txhaj tshuaj molded. Thaum PP thermoformed khob yog cua sov- tiv taus, cov phab ntsa tuab tsis sib xws cuam tshuam rau lawv lub zog, thiab cov khob sib sib zog nqus loj dua 750ml yog qhov "tawg"; Cov khoom siv PET feem ntau siv hauv thermoforming muaj qhov pom tseeb tab sis siab hardness thiab brittleness, ua rau nws yooj yim tawg.
2.2 Transparency thiab tsos zoo
Transparency muaj feem xyuam rau qhov pom kev pom, thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo cuam tshuam rau cov khoom sib tw.
Thermoformed khob: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pob tshab kom zoo dua. PET thermoformed khob muaj lub siab pob tshab thiab ci, thiab tsis muaj xim, ua rau lawv haum rau cov dej txias; PP thermoformed khob muaj pob tshab zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, tuav kwv yees li 70% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo yog qhov ntxhib, nrog cov teeb meem xws li cov phab ntsa tsis sib xws (tuab ntawm lub npoo thiab hauv qab, nyias hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub khob lub cev), ncab cov cim los yog npuas ntawm qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom tsis zoo, uas txwv tsis pub lawv txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv siab - kawg daim ntawv thov.
Txhaj Moulded khob: Pob tshab tau txhim kho tau zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Siv cov khoom siv siab-pob tshab- qib PP cov khoom, lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 120℃thaum tuav cov pob tshab, thiab qee cov khoom siab- kawg mus txog qhov pom ntawm cov khob thermoformed. Lawv muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, du nto, qhov siab qhov tseeb, thiab cov phab ntsa tuab tuab, ua rau kev tsim cov khob khob thiab cov ntawv zoo nkauj. Phab ntsa thickness uniformity tswj mus txog ± 0.1mm, deb tshaj cov txheej txheem thermoforming.
2.3 Thickness Uniformity thiab Dimensional raug
Thickness uniformity cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi, thaum qhov tseeb qhov tseeb txiav txim siab cov khoom sib xws.
Txhaj Moulded Khob: Qhov zoo tseem ceeb hauv cov tuab tuab thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb. Los ntawm precision pwm thiab kev tswj tsis tau, phab ntsa thickness uniformity ncav cuag ± 0.1mm. Molten yas yog uniformly txhaj rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv lub siab, uas ua rau cov phab ntsa tuab zoo ib yam tom qab txias, uas txhim kho lub zog stability thiab txo cov khoom noj. Cov khoom lag luam qhov tseeb raug txhim kho los ntawm ± 0.1mm mus rau ± 0.05mm, nrog kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm qhov loj me xws li khob ntug kab thiab qhov siab, uas ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj 90%.
Thermoformed khob: Thickness uniformity yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Daim ntawv ncab thiab tsim tau yooj yim ua rau tsis sib xws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khob tob tshaj 750ml, qhov sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa thickness yog qhov tseem ceeb; Txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub tau txhim kho, nws tseem nyuaj kom ncav cuag qib ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding. Dimensional raug tsis zoo, cuam tshuam los ntawm daim ntawv thickness deviations, nyuaj rau kev tswj stretching deformation, thiab txiav yuam kev, ua rau tsis tshua muaj sib xws thiab ib tug yield tus nqi kwv yees li 85%, muab lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis zoo nyob rau hauv siab -precision daim ntawv thov.
2.4 Tus neeg siv kev paub thiab kev ua haujlwm
Cov kev paub ntawm cov neeg siv cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thiab kev ua haujlwm txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov scenarios.
Core Physical Performance metrics:
- Txhaj Moulded khob:"Hard" xav, nrog lub khob khov kho thiab khov kho lub cev, txhawb kev nkag siab zoo thiab cov neeg siv kev ntseeg siab. Kev ywj pheej tsim siab tso cai rau kev tsim ntau hom khob, suav nrog ob - khob ntim khoom. Kev txhaj tshuaj-cov khob molded muaj kev sib khi zoo heev; 500ml khob ntim ntawm 175℃yuav tsis xau txawm tias thaum shaken lossis qaij, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev nqa tawm. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub ntawm 100-120 degree, haum rau cov dej kub. Cov khob muaj lub zog siab, yooj yim rau pawg thiab thauj, thiab tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua haujlwm zoo xws li cov ntaub nplaum nplaum thiab ntsuas cov cim.
- Thermoformed khob:Lawv muaj qhov "mos" xav, tawv thiab tsis yooj yim puas, thiab tiv thaiv tawg thaum nyem thaum tuav dej haus xws li mis nyuj tshuaj yej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev muag muag dhau lawm yuav ua rau cov neeg siv khoom nug txog qhov zoo. Lawv muab kev sib khi zoo thiab, nrog lub hau nruj - haum, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg; lawv yog lub teeb yuag, nqa tau yooj yim, thiab tus nqi - siv tau loj - nplai, muab kev yooj yim thiab kev nyab xeeb siab.
- PP Khoom Advantage:Qhov ceev 0.89-0.91 g / cm³, tuaj yeem khoov 10⁶ zaug ntawm chav tsev kub yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj
III. Tus nqi sib piv
3.1 Cov khoom siv thiab pwm kev nqis peev
Cov cuab yeej pib thiab pwm peev cuam tshuam rau lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag siab thiab lub sijhawm them rov qab.
Txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem: siab pib peev. Rau cov cuab yeej siv, yim -kab noj hniav siab- nrawm txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab nrog ib caj npab neeg hlau raug nqi kwv yees li 800,000 RMB; pwm cov nqi tseem siab dua, yuav tsum tau precision steel manufacturing, nrog rau kev loj hlob voj voog ntawm 2 lub hlis thiab ib txheej nqi 200,000-300,000 RMB, uas yog 10{12}}20 npaug ntau kim dua thermoforming pwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pwm txhaj tshuaj muaj lub neej ntev, ua rau lawv haum rau cov khoom loj, ntev ntev, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Thermoforming txheej txheem: Tsawg pib peev. Cov khoom siv yog tus nqi pheej yig, nrog cov tshuab thermoforming hauv tsev raug nqi 150,000 RMB thiab cov tshuab thermoforming kev lag luam raug nqi 200,000-220,000 RMB; pwm yog ua los ntawm txhuas zoo tib yam, nrog rau kev loj hlob voj voog ntawm 20 hnub thiab ib txheej nqi 10,000-20,000 RMB. 3D luam tawm sai prototyping pwm muaj ib lub voj voog ntawm 3 hnub thiab tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 500 RMB, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv cov nqi qis - gypsum thiab resins. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pwm muaj lub neej luv luv thiab xav tau kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua, nce cov nqi khiav lag luam mus sij hawm ntev, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab thiab kev pib ua haujlwm.
3.2 Raw Material Costs and Utilization Rate
Cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw ua tus nqi tsim khoom, thiab qhov kev siv tus nqi cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm cov khoom pov tseg.
Txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem: Qhov zoo tseem ceeb hauv cov nqi raw khoom thiab kev siv tus nqi. Siv cov yas granules li raw cov ntaub ntawv, tus nqi siv ntau tshaj 95%, tsuas yog ib tug me me ntawm cov rooj vag khib nyiab, uas tuaj yeem ncaj qha rov siv dua thiab rov siv dua; nws tuaj yeem siv qee cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo, thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tau ruaj khov nrog qhov sib txawv me me. Xyoo 2026, tus nqi ntawm PP yas granules yog 6.94-27.74 RMB / kg, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov granules rov ua dua yog qis dua (dawb pob tshab qib 1: 4900-5100 RMB / ton, qib 2: 4600-4800 RMB / ton, cov nqi tsim khoom thaum lub sij hawm loj.
Thermoforming txheej txheem: Cov nqi raw khoom siab thiab tus nqi siv tsawg. Siv cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov ntaub ntawv raw, tus nqi siab dua cov yas granules; txiav tsim 20-30% ntawm seem, uas ua rau kev siv tus nqi tsuas yog 70-80%; cov khoom hnyav yuav tsum yog 10-20% siab dua li txhaj tshuaj molded khob kom ua tiav tib lub zog, ua rau cov nqi raw khoom ntau dua thiab noj piv rau cov khoom txhaj tshuaj molded. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov nyuaj, thiab rov ua cua sov dua txo cov khoom siv, cuam tshuam rau cov khoom zoo.
3.3 Kev siv hluav taws xob thiab nqi zog ua haujlwm
Kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm yog cov nqi khiav lag luam siab, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ua rau cov nqi sib txawv.
Cov nqi siv hluav taws xob: Thermoforming siv kwv yees li 8% ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua kom sov cov ntawv yas kom txog thaum muag muag, thiab cov nplooj ntawv tuab lossis cov khoom loj yuav tsum muaj zog ntau dua. Txhaj tshuaj molding zog noj yog concentrated nyob rau hauv granule cua sov thiab khoom siv ua hauj lwm. High-Lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob suav nrog 15-20% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi, tab sis kev nce qib thev naus laus zis tau ua kom muaj zog siv zog. Piv txwv li, Changhong Aichuang lub tuam txhab ntse uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsawg txo cov nqi hluav taws xob ib tuj ntawm cov khoom ua tiav los ntawm 763 yuan hauv 2019 txog 513.6 yuan hauv 2024, txo qis ntawm 32.7%.
Cov nqi ua haujlwm: Thermoforming cia siab rau cov tshuab rau kev tsim khoom, xav tau kev ua haujlwm tsawg, nrog cov nqi suav txog kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov nqi khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, phau ntawv txiav thiab trimming tseem xav tau, ua rau muaj kev vam khom siab ntawm kev siv tes ua haujlwm. Kev txhaj tshuaj molding yuav tsum muaj kev koom tes hauv kev thauj khoom, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, ua rau cov nqi qis dua. Raws li lub voj voog 15-thib ob thiab tus nqi ntawm 30 yuan / teev, tus nqi ua haujlwm ib thooj yog kwv yees li 0.125 yuan. Txawm li cas los xij, automation technologies xws li "dub factories" tau txo qis kev ua haujlwm.
3.4 Tus nqi zoo ntawm Loj-Txoj kev tsim khoom
IV. Environmental Performance Comparison
4.1 Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab
Nrog nce thoob ntiaj teb kev paub txog ib puag ncig, cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tau dhau los ua qhov kev xav tseem ceeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv PET: Kev rov ua tau zoo, nrog tus nqi rov ua dua ntawm 90%, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Piv txwv li, CARBIOS's enzymatic recycling thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua cov xim lub raj mis flakes, khib nyiab textiles, thiab lwm yam PET pov tseg. Cov depolymerized monomers ua tau raws li EU cov qauv kev sib cuag zaub mov thiab tuaj yeem ncaj qha polymerized rau hauv PET tshiab, txo cov pa roj carbon emissions los ntawm 90%, nrog rau lub voj voog rov ua dua ntawm 10-20 zaug.
PP cov ntaub ntawv: Cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tab sis nrog tus nqi qis dua, ntsib cov teeb meem xws li kev sib cais nyuaj, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tom qab ntau lub voj voog rov ua dua tshiab, thiab kev xav tau kev lag luam tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm lub cev (ntxuav, crushing, thiab granulation) tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj pov tseg -cov khob molded rau hauv cov khoom siv rov qab. Hauv xyoo 2023, kev lag luam siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tau nce mus txog 15.8%, nce ntxiv los ntawm 6.2% xyoo 2019.
Cov txheej txheem sib txawv: Txhaj tshuaj-cov khob molded muaj cov qauv ruaj khov, cov phab ntsa tuab, thiab ib qho khoom siv, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau kev faib thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Lawv tuaj yeem suav nrog 10-30% cov khoom siv rov ua dua yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo; Cov khob thermoformed tuaj yeem siv cov khoom sib xyaw xws li PP + PET, ua rau kev sib cais nyuaj. Ntug scraps degrade hauv kev ua tau zoo tom qab ntau lub voj voog cua sov, ua rau cov nqi qis dua, thiab cov phab ntsa tuab tsis sib xws kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv dua tshiab.
Txoj cai- tsav: Environmental policy yuav nruj dua los ntawm 2026 mus ntxiv. Txoj cai EU PPWR tau ua tiav thaum Lub Yim Hli, tswj tag nrho cov khoom ntim khoom; Tuam Tshoj tab tom txhawb kev siv cov ntaub ntawv polymer ib leeg (xws li ib leeg PP lossis PET) kom ua tiav kaw -loop recycling, yuam cov tuam txhab los txhim kho cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab.
4.2 Kev sib piv Biodegradability
Cov khoom siv tsoos: Ob qho tib si PP thiab PET tsis yog biodegradable. PET muaj cov qauv ruaj khov, thiab lub ntiaj teb ntuj tsis muaj enzymes kom decompose nws; Txawm hais tias cov kab mob Ideonella sakaiensis tau tshawb pom hauv xyoo 2016 los rhuav tshem PET, cov thev naus laus zis tseem nyob hauv chav kuaj thiab deb ntawm daim ntawv thov loj -. Biodegradable Materials: Cov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb suav nrog kev sib xyaw thiab hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv xws li PCL, PLA, thiab PBAT. Ntawm cov no, PLA (polylactic acid) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, siv lactic acid fermented los ntawm biomass xws li pob kws thiab cassava ua raw cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog 100% bio-raws li, degrades kiag li nyob rau hauv 6 lub hlis nyob rau hauv composting tej yam kev mob, thiab ua tsis muaj tshuaj lom thaum hlawv. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding thiab thermoforming. Txawm li cas los xij, PLA ntsib kev tsis sib haum xeeb xws li kev xav tau ntau dua 99.5% purity ntawm lactide, kub tsis kam tsuas yog qis dua 60 degree, thiab tus nqi 30-50% siab dua li cov yas yas.
Daim Ntawv Thov trends: Qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv biodegradable siv hauv kev txhaj tshuaj-cov khob molded tau nce los ntawm 8.7% hauv 2019 txog 32.4% hauv 2023; Nws tau kwv yees tias los ntawm 2030, kev lag luam feem ntawm biodegradabletej khob yasyuav nce los ntawm 12% hauv 2025 mus rau ntau dua 25%, thiab qhov nkag mus rau hauv segmented teb yuav nce los ntawm 15% mus rau ntau dua 35%.
Daim ntawv pov thawj degradation: Thoob ntiaj teb, EU EN13432 thiab US ASTM D6400 tus qauv feem ntau siv, xav tau ntau dua 90% degradation hauv 180 hnub; Tuam Tshoj "Technical Requirements for Biodegradable Plastic Food Contact Materials" qhia tias kev tsiv hlau hnyav yuav tsum tsawg dua 0.01 mg/kg, thiab cov pa permeability Performance index yuav tsum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 5 cm³/(m²・24h・0.1MPa).
4.3 Environmental Friendliness Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
Kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog cuam tshuam nrog cov pa roj carbon hneev taw thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam.
Kev siv hluav taws xob: Cov txheej txheem thermoforming muaj kev siv hluav taws xob ntau rau kev ua cua sov, suav txog 8% ntawm cov nqi khoom siv. Kev siv hluav taws xob nce nrog daim ntawv tuab, cua sov kub, thiab lub sijhawm; kev txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem kev siv hluav taws xob yog siv rau hauv cov cua sov thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias kev txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab muaj lub zog siab, lub voj voog molding luv luv thiab kev ua haujlwm siab txhais tau hais tias lub zog siv rau ib chav tsev khoom tsis tas yuav siab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog tseem ceeb-txuag kev txhim kho tau ua rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab, xws li kev siv cov twj tso kua mis sib nqus dej + kaw- voj dej txias yees + theem hloov cov khoom txias cia hauv pwm txias. Qhov no txuag tau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 147 kWh ntawm hluav taws xob ib hnub twg rau pwm. Los ntawm 2025, 23,000 tshiab ib puag ncig lub khob pwm yuav raug ntxiv thoob plaws lub tebchaws, ua rau kev txuag hluav taws xob txhua xyoo sib npaug rau kev txo qis ntawm 186,000 tons ntawm carbon emissions. Kev tsim cov khib nyiab: Kev txhaj tshuaj molding tsim yuav luag tsis muaj pov tseg, tsuas yog ib qho me me ntawm lub rooj vag thiab cov khib nyiab uas tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha; Thermoforming generates 20-30% ntug trim pov tseg thaum txiav, uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau recycle thiab rov siv dua vim muaj peev xwm degradation.
Cov pa roj carbon emissions: Ib lub khob PP qhov chaw ib txwm ua rau kwv yees li 48 grams ntawm CO₂ hauv cov pa roj carbon emissions ib chav tsev, nrog rau ntau dua emissions thoob nws lub neej tag nrho. Cov tuam txhab tau txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm lub zog huv, kev ua kom zoo dua qub, thiab cov khoom siv bio-. Piv txwv li, Berry Global Group's PET khob cov kab ntau lawm siv microwave cua sov, txo kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 37%, ua rau txo qis ntawm 23,000 tons ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions txhua xyoo rau lub Hoobkas uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 5 billion units.
Kev Tsim Nyog: Kev txhaj tshuaj molding yog txheej txheem tsim khoom kaw, txo qis VOC emissions, thiab siab automation txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tib neeg kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj, ua rau cov khoom ruaj khov thiab tsawg dua; Thermoforming suav nrog cua sov cov ntawv yas, uas yooj yim tsim cov pa pa tawm thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas.
4.4 Environmental Policy Impact Analysis
Environmental txoj cai yog tsav kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm kev lag luam thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev txhim kho txheej txheem.
Cov cai hauv tsev: Xyoo 2024 "Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm rau Kev Txom Nyem thiab Hloov Ib Leeg-Siv Cov Khoom Siv Yas" xav kom tsis yog -degradabletej khob yasraug txwv nyob rau hauv cov kev pabcuam xa zaub mov hauv cov nroog ntawm lossis siab dua qib prefecture ua ntej 2026, thiab cov tuam txhab ua raws cai yuav tau txais 5% tus nqi- ntxiv se rov qab. Lub teb chaws cov pa roj carbon kev lag luam tau nthuav dav mus rau kev lag luam teeb pom kev lag luam, nrog tus nqi nruab nrab carbon ntawm 68 yuan / tuj CO₂ hauv 2025. Cov cai hauv zos tseem nruj dua; Hainan tau tshaj tawm thawj txoj cai txwv txiav yas hauv zos hauv xyoo 2020, thiab Zhejiang tau siv txoj cai txwv thiab txwv cov khoom yas hauv ntau qhov chaw.
Cov cai thoob ntiaj teb: UAE yuav txwv tag nrho cov khob dej haus yas txij lub Ib Hlis 2026; EU's "Ib leeg-Siv Cov Lus Qhia Plastics" xav kom ib zaug - siv cov ntim yas muaj 30% cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable ua ntej 2025; thiab cov teb chaws xws li Asmeskas, Canada, thiab Australia kuj muaj txoj cai txwv txiav yas.
Cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam: Cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj molding muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li txoj cai tswjfwm vim muaj cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab biodegradable, yog li tau txais cov hauv kev hauv kev lag luam siab -; Cov txheej txheem thermoforming ntsib kev nyuaj siab dua thiab xav tau los tsim cov nplooj ntawv biodegradable, txhim kho kev siv cov khoom siv, txhim kho cov txheej txheem los txo cov khib nyiab, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib koom ua ke los daws cov teeb meem.
Kev lag luam tiam sis: Hauv tsib xyoos tom ntej no, kev lag luam khob pov tseg yuav nce qhov feem ntawm biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv siv, optimize cov khoom tsim los txhim kho recyclability thiab biodegradability, txhawb cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob mus rau tsawg zog noj thiab tsawg emissions, thiab tsim ib tug ncig kev lag luam qauv ntawm "tsim{0}} siv-recycling-reproduction".
V. Cov lus pom zoo sib piv thiab xaiv
5.1 Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws thiab Kev Txwv
| Sib piv Dimension | Txhaj Molding Qhov Zoo | Txhaj Molding txwv | Qhov zoo ntawm Thermoforming | Thermoforming txwv |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Txheej txheem ntau lawm | Ib -kauj ruam molding, voj voog 5.3-5.8s, siab automation | Cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim, parameter ua ntej -debugging yuav tsum tau | Hloov tau ob - cov txheej txheem, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim | Cov txheej txheem ntawv ntxiv, tsawg ib zaug - pwm precision |
| Lub cev muaj zog | Lub zog siab, ± 0.1mm phab ntsa uniformity, ± 0.05mm raug | Tsawg dua pob tshab vs thermoforming | Siab PET pob tshab, zoo toughness | Tsis sib npaug thickness, 85% tawm tus nqi, yooj yim deformation |
| Tus nqi tswj | 95% + kev siv cov khoom siv, tus nqi qis hauv kev tsim khoom loj | Cov cuab yeej pib siab & pwm peev | Tsawg pib peev, pheej yig aluminium pwm | 70-80% cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv tawv tawv |
| Environmental Performance | Ib qho yooj yim recycling, 10-30% recycled cov ntaub ntawv siv tau, tsawg pov tseg | High pib siab - cov cuab yeej siv zog siv zog | Adaptable rau biodegradable nplooj ntawv | Cov khoom sib xyaw sib cais yog qhov nyuaj, thiab cov cua sov tso pa tawm |
5.2 Scenario-Raws li Cov Lus Qhia Xaiv
✅ Xaiv Txhaj Moulding Yog:
- Siab-Qhov khoom kawg qhov chaw (hom mis tshuaj yej / kas fes kub khob, 100-120℃tshav kub tsis kam)
- Loj -scale ruaj khov ntau lawm (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 10 lab units / xyoo, saw tsev noj mov centralized procurement)
- Complex functional requirements (ob -compartment khob, frosted anti-slip texture)
- Kev ua raws li ib puag ncig nruj me ntsis (EU PPWR, cov cai txwv txiav yas hauv tsev)
✅ Xaiv Thermoforming Yog:
- Nruab nrab-rau- qis-kev ua lag luam loj kawg (khoom siv dej txias, tus nqi qis dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5 RMB/unit)
- Cov khoom me me -batch, ntau- ntau lawm ntau lawm (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5 lab units / xyoo, khob kev txhawb nqa raws caij nyoog)
- Lub teeb yuag & portable xav tau (kev tshwm sim sab nraum zoov pov tseg khob dej)
- Pib- nce cov tuam txhab (cov cuab yeej siv nyiaj tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 500,000 RMB, tsis tshua muaj peev txheej)
5.3 Kev Lag Luam Hloov Hloov Cov Tswv Yim Cov Lus Qhia
Kev Qhia Txog Kev Txhim Kho Kev Siv Tshuab: Cov tuam txhab txhaj tshuaj molding tuaj yeem qhia cov tshuab magnetic levitation dej txias (txuag 147 kWh ntawm hluav taws xob ib pwm ib hnub) thiab kev lag luam hauv internet tswj (kev txhim kho ntawm - sij hawm xa tuaj tus nqi los ntawm 12%); Cov tuam txhab thermoforming tuaj yeem hloov kho cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob txiav (txo cov nqi ua haujlwm los ntawm 30%) thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (txo kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 15%). Material Innovation Strategy: Ob hom tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo khaws cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis. Piv txwv li, cov tuam txhab txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem kuaj PLA / PP cov khoom sib xyaw (sib npaug ntawm cov cua sov thiab biodegradability), thaum cov tuam txhab thermoforming tuaj yeem tsim ib qho - txheej PET biodegradable nplooj ntawv (tsis txhob muaj teeb meem sib cais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw).
Flexible Production Configuration: Nruab nrab-cov lag luam loj tuaj yeem txais "txhaj tshuaj molding + thermoforming" dual- txheej txheem ua ke, siv cov kab molding rau siab- kawg xaj thiab cov kab thermoforming rau huab hwm coj- kev txiav txim hauv khw; los yog xaiv cov pwm sib xws (xws li cov tshuab thermoforming nrog cov kab noj hniav hloov tau) los txhim kho cov khoom siv.
Kev sib koom tes hauv cheeb tsam: Kev siv lub zog zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam plastics hauv South Tuam Tshoj (xws li Guangdong thiab Zhejiang), cov tuam txhab txhaj tshuaj molding tuaj yeem tau cov pwm pwm hauv zos (xws li cov neeg muab khoom ntawm Liansu thiab Demag), thiab cov tuam txhab thermoforming tuaj yeem txo cov nqi ntawm cov ntawv yuav khoom (cov chaw tsim khoom hauv cheeb tsam muaj cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10 km).
